An event that happened during my childhood that changed my life Essay

An occasion that occurred during my youth that transformed me - Essay Example On appearance, we discovered mum had arranged the most tasty simmered chicken I had eaten in quite a while. Over supper, the typical inquiry with respect to plans for the occasion sprung up. My dad had made arrangements for us to visit our grandmother right in Spain. Grandmother Louis was our preferred grandparent and our visits there were constantly loaded up with much elation. This as well as my dad got ready for us to go by street!! The delight I felt in my heart was unfathomable. We had consistently asked our dad to let us travel to Spain by street since the sights en route were stunning. He generally rejected in light of the fact that the outing was too risky particularly in light of the fact that his own dad had passed on through a street mishap. To date we are yet to realize what he had altered his perspective. The night prior to our excursion rest sidestepped me. I pressed and repacked my assets cautiously counterchecking it against my rundown. As was custom we said pour peti tions before embarking for what might be an excursion to transform me. As my dad drove our spic and span Cadillac, we sang tunes to stay with him. Narrating happened to be my sister’s most loved past time and right away we were immersed in one of her accounts. â€Å"Watch your language youthful lady!!† my dad more than once cautioned my sister. The agony in my ribs was nerve destroying, as though somebody was driving a blade into my ribs. I flickered severally before making me fully aware of see my dad’s limp body around me. â€Å"Dad! Father! Wake up!!† My mom and sister were likewise oblivious in the secondary lounge with blood all over their bodies. It was then that the cool unforgiving reality hit me. We had fallen in a canyon fifty meters underneath the street. What am I to do? I pondered. Horrendously, I got myself from beneath the destruction, and headed toward the back. My mom sister despite everything had a heartbeat but a feeble one and gave no indications of recovering awareness. My insight into emergency treatment was scanty inferable from the way that I had rested all through a great part of the class meetings. It was then that I understood that without accomplishing something intense, I would watch their lives slip directly through my fingers. I chose to stroll to the closest police headquarters. With broken ribs and a cracked leg I got a hold of myself and began the excursion. It appeared as though hours before I discovered older couple and clarified my bind. They called a rescue vehicle who on appearance articulated my dad dead while my mom, sister and I were hurried to the closest medical clinic. I recuperated rapidly and assumed on the liability of nursing my sister and mom back to wellbeing. It was exceptionally hard for me to break the miserable updates on my dad’s end to them however when I did we discovered solace in each others’ distress. The nerve racking experience especially the loss of my car ing father changed our lives until the end of time. The most priceless exercise that I learnt is versatility and that everything occurs which is as it should be. I am a lot more grounded than previously and decidedly ready to confront life’s challenges with a grin (Mallenby, 2007: 123). Moreover, I discovered that fellowship is perhaps the best blessing one can have. My closest companion was there for me through the entire experience and urged me to get my life back and that not everything was lost. My strict point of view additionally changed since I was a skeptic before the mishap, presently I am a firm Christian who has confidence in the intensity of petition. I have figured out how to regard my mom more as she assumed up the liability of dealing with us since our father’s troublesome destruction. In spite of the fact that the experience of losing

International Evidence on Financial Derivatives

Question: Talk about the International Evidence on Financial Derivatives. Answer: Presentation Money related foundations, for example, banks will in general face numerous limitations as they run their everyday activities. Preferably, littler banks will in general face numerous limitations when contrasted with bigger banks. For example, as far as possible the size of banks to its capacity to enhance its arrangement of advantages. The littler banks are consequently limited to next to zero expansion of the arrangement of resources for shield them from negative externalities, for example, disappointment. This exploration paper centers around the idea of banks, and budgetary dangers confronting money related foundations. Likewise, the exploration centers around hilter kilter data that might be pertinent in examining the inquiry why the controllers ought not confine the size of banks to an expanded arrangement of advantages in spite of the critical negative externalities of disappointments looked by huge banks. Nature of Banks Grouping of banks relies upon its temperament that is its extension, timing, and degree. In a perfect world, the extent of banks relies upon what it is ordered to perform (Bartram, Brown, and Fehle, 2009, pp.185-206). A few banks have a differing arrangement of benefits as specified in their Articles of Association while others have a little arrangement of advantages. Clearly, most little banks will in general be limited to having a little or less broadened arrangement of advantages. What is regular in many banks whether enormous or little is that they are commanded to get stores; they are ordered to make progresses in regards to credits, notes, and securities, and the impact transmission of cash starting with one spot then onto the next (Brigham, and Houston, 2012.). The planning of banks relies upon the time period it can offer its arrangement of advantages, for example, advances and bonds. Littler banks will in general have credits with a shorter time of reimbursement while bigger banks will in general have advances or bonds with an increasingly generous time of reimbursement. The degree of banks relies upon its capacity to withstand presentation to an alternate business line that is its introduction to chance. Monetary Risks Facing Financial Institutions and Reasons why the Regulators Should Not Limit their Size Credit introduction is one factor that banks face. It is made through any type of credit in which a bank takes part in (Frank, and Goyal, 2009, pp.1-37). For example, if a budgetary organization gives a credit of $ 2 million to a new company, there will be a hazard that the firm is probably going to default installment. To quantify credit chance, a bank must figure its introduction to credit on its all out advance portfolio about the business. Money related hazard is characterized as the hazard that includes budgetary misfortune to a firm. In a perfect world, it emerges from flimsiness in the budgetary markets brought about by the development in monetary forms, share costs, and loan costs. As the cash moves starting with one nation or part then onto the next, the bank faces budgetary dangers. Along these lines, stock costs are inclined to budgetary dangers since they continue fluctuating. Banks for the most part face five kinds of money related dangers, specifically: showcase chance, credit chance, liquidity chance, operational hazard and legitimate hazard. To start with, showcase chance is a sort of hazard that emerges from the development in the costs of monetary instruments, for example, stock costs (Froot, 2008, pp.281-294). To beat this, banks are required to utilize supporting devices, for example, fates, forward, alternatives and trades. The greater part of these monetary subordinate instruments are not accessible to little banks and hence these banks should expand its arrangement of resources for limit this hazard. This suggests the controllers ought not restrain the size of banks as banks could utilize broadening of the arrangement of advantages for lessen their market chance. Second, credit hazard is a kind of hazard that emerges when one neglects to satisfy the commitment of the agreement (Grable, and Roszkowski, 2008, pp.905-923). For instance, if involved with an advance agreement defaults installment or in the event that he neglects to pay inside the assigned, it will bring about credit chance. In the event that that individual defaults installment, the bank would not have the option to take care of the cash it got from the controllers. Because of this negative externality, controllers will in general breaking point the size of the banks. In a perfect world, the bigger a bank is, the better its capacity to expand its arrangement of benefits. On the off chance that as far as possible its size, it won't have the option to grow its arrangement of advantages in this manner flirting with disappointment because of the credit hazard. Third, liquidity hazard is a kind of hazard that emerges when a bank can't make sure about an exchange (Huang, Zhou, and Zhu, 2012, pp.193-205). For example, if an association demands a credit of $ 5 million, yet the bank needs more fluid money to fulfill its needs. The bank, for this situation, will be supposed to confront liquidity chance. In the event that a bank faces this sort of hazard, the controller will undoubtedly restrict its size. Therefore, the monetary establishment won't have the option to enhance its arrangement of benefits. Because of this, almost certainly, the bank will experience different kinds of dangers that will in the end lead to its disappointment. This implies controllers ought not confine the size of banks. Fourth, operational hazard is a kind of hazard that is brought about by operational disappointments of banks, for example, fumble of assets (Turner, 2014). On the off chance that a bank doesn't have a solid or satisfactory interior control framework, it will probably confront operational hazard. Evidently, controllers will confine the size of a bank on the off chance that it faces this peril since the controllers have an enthusiasm for the banks. The cash that courses in the banks is typically obtained from the controllers. In the occasion, these banks won't have the option to enhance in this way liable to confront negative externalities. To assist manages an account with succeeding in the business, controllers ought not restrict their size when confronted with operational hazard. Ultimately, legitimate hazard is a sort of hazard that emerges out of lawful limitations, for example, when a bank is confronting a claim (Walker, 2009). In the event that a money related establishment faces a lawful hazard, it loses trust according to people in general and the controller. The controller at that point restricts its size since individuals would incline toward getting credits somewhere else. Its capacity to enhance diminishes, in this manner gambling conclusion because of the powerlessness to support in the market. Controllers ought to along these lines not limit their size to maintain a strategic distance from conclusion. End Banks will undoubtedly confront monetary dangers in their typical business tasks. These dangers incorporate operational hazard, lawful hazard, liquidity chance, credit hazard, and market chance. In the event that a bank faces these dangers, the controllers will confine its size. A bigger has a superior capacity to differentiate its arrangement of benefits. In any case, if the controllers decrease its size, it will be not able to expand accordingly confronting negative externalities. The controllers ought to hence not limit the size of banks notwithstanding the negative externalities disappointments it will in general force on people in general, as it will flirt with disappointment. References Bartram, S.M., Brown, G.W., and Fehle, F.R., 2009. Worldwide proof on monetary subordinates usage.Financial Management,38(1), pp.185-206. Recovered on 14 January 2017. Brigham, E.F., and Houston, J.F., 2012.Fundamentals of monetary administration. Cengage Learning. Recovered on 14 January 2017. Straight to the point, M.Z. furthermore, Goyal, V.K., 2009. Capital structure choices: which variables are dependably important?Financial Management,38(1), pp.1-37. Recovered on 14 January 2017. Froot, K.A., 2008. The intermediation of money related dangers: Evolution in the disaster reinsurance market.Risk Management and Insurance Review, 11(2), pp.281-294. Recovered on 14 January 2017. Grable, J.E. what's more, Roszkowski, M.J., 2008. The impact of state of mind on the eagerness to take money related risks.Journal of Risk Research,11(7), pp.905-923. Recovered on 14 January 2017. Huang, X., Zhou, H., and Zhu, H., 2012. Evaluating the foundational danger of an expanded arrangement of banks during the ongoing monetary crisis.Journal of Financial Stability,8(3), pp.193-205. Recovered on 14 January 2017. Turner, P., 2014. The worldwide long haul loan cost, money related dangers and approach decisions in EMEs. Recovered on 14 January 2017. Walker, D., 2009. An audit of corporate administration in UK banks and other money related industry elements. Recovered on 14 January 2017.

12 Ways to Relieve Insomnia When You Quit Smoking

12 Ways to Relieve Insomnia When You Quit Smoking January 08, 2020 Verywell / Cindy Chung More in Addiction Nicotine Use Smoking-Related Diseases After You Quit How to Quit Smoking Nicotine Withdrawal The Inside of Cigarettes Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Coping and Recovery Sleep disturbances are a common side effect of nicotine withdrawal. New ex-smokers might sleep more than usual through this phase of smoking cessation. Our bodies are reacting to the loss of numerous doses of nicotine and other chemicals throughout the day. It can and usually does leave us feeling foggy and lethargic. If this describes how you feel, dont fight the need for extra rest. Take naps when you can and get to bed earlier than usual. Your body will bounce back with a little time. On the opposite end of the spectrum are the ex-smokers who have difficulty getting any sleep at all. Insomnia is also a common symptom of nicotine withdrawal. If you find yourself suffering from insomnia during the first few weeks after you quit smoking, try a few of these natural remedies to ease your discomforts. 1.  Cut Out the Caffeine Caffeine is a stimulant. Most people know this, but heres a fact that is less widely known: Caffeine in the body of a smoker is metabolized (digested) at about twice the rate as that of a nonsmoker.?? The result is a high tolerance to caffeine. When you stop smoking, the amount of coffee or colas youre used to drinking might make you jittery and anxious now. Reduce or cut out caffeine from your daily regimen completely for awhile, especially if you’re having trouble sleeping through the night. Chances are good that once youre through the withdrawal process, youll be able to drink coffee again, though maybe not as much as you did as a smoker. 2.  Take a Warm Bath Light a few candles, use some scented bath salts, and let the stress of the day go.?? A warm bath is an excellent  way to relax your body and mind in preparation for sleep. 3.  Schedule a Massage Enlist your spouse or another willing pair of hands to help work the stress out of your muscles. If you can get a full body massage, great, but even 10 or 15 minutes spent on your neck, shoulders, face, and scalp can work wonders to help you unwind and get  ready for a good nights sleep.?? 4.  Have a Cup of Herbal Tea There are a variety of herbal teas blended specifically to help soothe and promote sleep. Take a look at the tea section in the supermarket, or visit your local health food store and ask for suggestions.?? 5.  Listen to Soothing Music Soft, mellow music can help you loosen up enough to drift off to sleep.?? Try listening to a recording of waves hitting the beach. Soft sounds can be a very good sleep aid. Make sure you have a player or app that will turn itself off. You don’t want to have to get up and do it yourself, as that defeats the purpose. 6.  Turn off the Electronics Whether you have a smartphone, tablet, or laptop, park it at the door of your bedroom and consider silencing it so you dont hear messages or notifications coming in. Leave the TV off, too. Instead, read a book (an actual book, not one on your phone) for a bit to help you get drowsy.?? 7.  Drink a Glass of Warm Milk Spice it up with a little honey and cardamom or nutmeg. Warm milk helps you sleep due to the fact that it is a food rich in the amino acid L-tryptophan. L-tryptophan helps our bodies produce neurotransmitters like serotonin. Serotonin is a chemical messenger that helps tell the brain to shut down and sleep at night.  More of the L-tryptophan is available to your brain when you eat a carbohydrate along with it. No wonder milk and cookies have long been a favorite bedtime snack. Other foods containing the amino acid L-tryptophan: Chicken,  turkey, fish, and shellfish??EggsSoybean products such as tofuDairy products  Seeds including sunflower seedsNuts such as pistachios, cashews, almonds, and hazelnuts L-tryptophan supplements are not generally recommended as they were previously associated with eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome. Food and drink that naturally contain L-tryptophan are safer choices. 8.  Don’t Drink Alcohol Alcohol disrupts sleep. A few drinks may make it easier to fall asleep initially, but alcohol in the system will often cause you  to wake up just a few hours into the sleep cycle. Sleep is then often intermittent for the remainder of the night.?? 9. Get Some Exercise Even a short 15-minute walk will help, but if you cant sleep, try getting out for a nice long walk a few hours before bed. Timing is important with this one. Dont exercise just before bed as it revs you up before it slows you down.?? 10.  Meditate Meditation helps start your day on the right foot  and end it nicely, too. As a sleep aid, try muscle relaxation and mindfulness meditation in bed, laying quietly, eyes closed.?? Start by focusing on the muscles in your body, consciously relaxing them, section by section. Next, move on to the thoughts in your mind.  Acknowledge each one as it comes and then let it go. Let your mind drift and flow, releasing stress and worry as it goes. Adding meditation to your morning routine (in an upright position) will reward you with improved control and calmness throughout your day, as well. 11. Dont  Nap While it may feel good to finally get some shut-eye, if its during the day, dont do it. Power naps are not your friend if youre suffering from insomnia. Youll pay for it when its time for bed.?? 12. Start Your Day  a Little Earlier Another useful technique to help you shift your internal clock is to start your day a little earlier.  You can use some of the time to meditate, tooâ€"a win, win. A Word From Verywell The physical withdrawal phase of smoking cessation is a temporary condition. Your sleep patterns will return to normal soon, providing you didn’t have insomnia before you quit smoking. If symptoms persist beyond the first month or so, schedule a visit with your doctor to make sure smoking cessation is responsible for how youre feeling.

Critically discuss the stop and search powers of the Police - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2594 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Critical essay Level High school Did you like this example? The purpose of this paper is to critically discuss the powers of the police in England and Wales to stop and search citizens under s1 of the police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984. There are some issues still remaining that needs to be changed or altered in order to make this section of the law more compliable with the ECHR. I will also discuss these. The duty of the police is to tell the person they are searching, what they have been stopped for, what the police is searching the person for, what station they work for and their name. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Critically discuss the stop and search powers of the Police" essay for you Create order However, in some cases e.g. Mustapha Osman v Southwark, it was acceptable that the police didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t have a chance to introduce himself to the person as he was assaulted by the defendant. The police said that he would have introduced himself if he had the chance.[1] The police should also inform people about what they are trying to find e.g. a stolen material. There are some reasons why the person may be searched; one example is that the person may seem suspicious i.e. you seem like you are trying to hide something from the police. The person may also be asked to remove clothing e.g. asking you take your jacket, hat or coat. If taking other clothing off is necessary, the person is taken somewhere out of public e.g. police van with a police officer that is the same sex as them. This is also applied in religious situations where the person may be asked to take a turban out. [2] The powers given to police are legislated by the public; we elect to make those laws. However, they are granted some amount of their own decision and perceptions in enforcing those laws. Although these laws are limited and regulated by policy, they can still affect their powers being used disproportionately. A relevant example of this issue is the powers used against specific types of social groups.[3] à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“In England and Wales, black people are searched seven times as often as whiteà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ .[4] The stop and search powers of the police are only suitable where the police has à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"reasonable groundsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ to be suspicious about a person carrying a weapon, a stolen property, something that could be used to cause a crime or illegal drugs. However, you can also expected to be stopped and searched if a senior police officer has given permission for the police to do so. This can take place where serious violence is about to happen, if youà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢re in a specific location or area or if youà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢re carrying a weapon or have used it. [5] The act states that powers to stop and search should only be used where a police has à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"reasonable groundsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ for suspecting. Although, reasonable suspecting is not defined by the Act, there are some guidance specified in the Code of Practice A which states that reasonable grounds for suspicion must be based objectively. For example, if a person is holding an item that has been stolen from somebody, recently in the area, then this would be a suspicion in à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"reasonable groundsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and objective. [6] The powers of the police in stop and search are necessary to satisfy the needs of the citizens. They have been given these powers to stop and search to stop crime and prevent it from happening in order for us to live comfortably. Ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s their duty to keep the public safe and keep it away from anti-social behaviour which will also prevent acts of terrorism and will decrease the amount of crime happening.[7] The Powers given to police on stop and search must be used fairly and the police should show respect for the victims that are being searchedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ it should be done without discrimination in order for the act to be within the lawful boundaries because The Equality Act 2010 shows that if police officers discriminate, harass or victimise under the act is then unlawful. It is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“unlawful for police officers to discriminate against, harass or victimise any person on the grounds of the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"protected characteristicsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ of age, disability, gender reassignment, race, religion or belief, sex and sexual orientation, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity and their physical appearance when using their powers.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  The police also has the responsibility to stop unlawful discrimination, harassment and victimisation I order to build good relations with the public and be fair. Although the Section 1 of PACE already states that all stop and search must be done with a reasonable suspicion, the police seems to fail this duty. Stop and search should be accomplished by à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“reasonable suspicionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  because ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s not fair for the particular residents that are being picked on. Police shouldnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t base their suspicions on their own generalisations that are not proven. This will also make the system of stop and search less effective, if people are stopped and searched depending on objective reasons, then the system will improve and the amount of people being stopped and searched will decrease leading to a more public friendly view of the police. The stop and search should be objective for it to be a reasonable suspicion. However, an unreasonable suspicion would be where the police has suspected people basing their reasoning on peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s personal factors which is not objective. E.g. a personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s age, race, colour or anything similar that has got to do with their appearance. Stereotyped thoughts about images shouldnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t be used as a reasonable suspicion by saying a particular type/group of people is much more likely to be involved in a criminal activity. [8] The police provide no explanation or reasoning that is reasonable to the problem of arresting people depending on their appearance. In most cases, police explains that a higher amount of black residents are involved in crime which is not supported with any evidence that is strong or acceptable.[9] Police should not be able to see this reason as acceptable because this is a generalised belief/stereotype about a certain group of people. No evidence shows that a personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s appearance could d emonstrate that they are guilty and seeing certain groups as criminals, will diminish the amount of crime happening.[10] In January 2012, two men were convicted for murdering a black teenager Stephen Lawrence. This led to a further review of the use of police stop search powers to prevent their disproportionate because the tow murderers were racially motivated.[11] Article 5 of the ECHR is in charge of protecting human rights. Nonetheless, the stop and search does not comply with it. Despite that, Lord Binghamà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s explanation, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"in the absence of special circumstancesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ show that some stops and searches may drop within the scope of article 5. According to that, a long lasting stop and search, lasting unreasonably long, could equal to a lack of liberty which invokes the protection of Article 5.[12] Ian Tomlinson was only an innocent passenger who collapsed and died because of a police who shoved him into the ground with a baton using his power excessively leading to an unlawful death of Tomlinson. [13] If similar acts happen and keep happening, it will certainly be published into media, reaching out to citizens which will make public feel uncomfortable and lead to public not trusting the police. The problem is that the police is still acting depending on their own perceptions of suspiciousness to guess who the victim could be. Even if the police acts within the rules, the attitude and beliefs which lie in their suspicions will influence the way stop and search is being done. They still judge victims depending on their past convictions. However, it may be argued that in very few cases police is not wrong in finding someone suspicious when acting upon their instincts but this is very rare and this could be why some people may think this is a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"reasonableà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ conduct. This is not appropriately effective in terms of privacy as privacy is essential for stop and search. However, using à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"reasonable groundsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ without own perceptions is much more effective and this is presumably the best option in order to increase the efficiency of stop and search. Although the police powers in stop and search should be diminished, it should be diminished to a point where ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s proportional to create a balance between the rights of the individual and the needs of the society. To diminish the amount of power used by police on the citizens in this area, the Equality Act come into force. One of the element of this act is to prohibit victimisation. [14] However, the act of the police breaches the Equality Act; it prohibits victimisation and what police are doing are simply going against that. SECTIONS 44 45 OF THE TERRORISM ACT 2000 The power given to police in Section 44 of the Terrorism Act is being used to discriminate people from other backgrounds specifically on black men and young Muslims. Also photographers and peaceful protestors are seen as victims which is another variety of victims being included in the violation. This is because the act states that police can stop and search anyone in a selected area without needing to prove a reasonable suspicion which is a violation of the Article 8 of the ECHR.[15] The stop and search powers given to police IN England and Wales are excessively overused as only 9 percent of the 1 million victims every year result in an arrest which indicate that the powers given to police are used ineffectively or are simply used in a wrong manner. However, this does not mean that the police is not using reasonable grounds to stop and search someone as reasonable grounds can also include the personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s behaviour or for example, stopping someone because they match the description of the person. Also for example, it would be reasonable to stop someone if there was a high number of burglaries happening in that area. [16] In the ECtHR, the decision clearly stated that continuing to use the s44 stop and search powers would be unlawful. Therefore, the Government introduced a Review of Counter-terrorism and Security Powers which is a review that discusses some concerns including the need for terrorism stop and search powers necessitating to comply with the ECHR. The two options recommended were either a whole repeal or a more definite and specific power that is tighter and clearer. The repeal option was rejected due to the reason that there was an on-going need for stop and search powers concerning terrorism that didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t involve the presence of a reasonable suspicion. Due to this reason, the review concluded that the power to stop and search people and vehicles without à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"reasonable suspicionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ was à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"operationally justifiedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ the recommendations were given effect by Terrorism act 2000 (Remedial) 2011.[17],[18] In conclusion, I believe that the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"reasonable groundsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ should be defined and a very open and clear meaning should be built for it. [19] Another relevant point I want to raise is that the police are thinking too subjectively when stopping and searching. This should be changed by educating the police thoroughly about what the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"reasonable groundsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ to stop and search are. The police thinking subjectively about stop and search is wrong and this can be changed and lead to a better suspicion of crimes if police are educated about objective thinking. [20] Promoting freedom is violated in the community level as some groups may suffer the fear of being stopped-searched in public. This could be classed as a violation of the personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s freedom which could be improved. Continuing to use the s44 to stop and search would be unlawful. Therefore, the stop and search powers need to be tightened up in order for it to be more effective. This means that the police can use their powers where ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s been suspected reasonably that terrorism will occur. For that reason, the law needs to provide specific and a clear meaning of a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"reasonable suspicionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ to force the police to know their rights. This will be an official statutory meaning which means that police will think psychologically that if they breach the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"reasonable suspicionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ they know that they are going against the law. However, as there is no clear meaning to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"reasonable suspicionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ the police are thinking that they not breaching the Article 5 or breaching the Article because they havenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t got enough knowledge about it. Therefore, by creating a definite meaning of a reasonable suspi cion, the police will think that ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s necessary rather than only expedient for the act of terrorism occurring. [21] Relaxing the limits might just encourage the police to exceed their powers even more. Then this may lead to the police basing their general suspicions by taking part in more random stops. Due to this, general suspicion could become the main reason for non-stops and this will probably worsen the situation. On the other hand, tightening up of the law may not be effectively possible. For instance, the police talking to people with the persons consent should never be prevented as the police is experienced and they know what they are doing and asking the person, which could lead to the police gaining clues.[22] To change the attitude of police by education and training is a good way of avoiding unreasonable suspecting of citizens and therefore, lead to a more effective policing system. Bibliography David Mery à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Halting section 44 stop and search powers https://www.blackmentalhealth.org.uk/index.php/expert-opinion-mainmenu-127/812-halting-section-44-stop-and-search-powers https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2000/11/contents https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Ian_Tomlinson#cite_note-Starmerreview-7 https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/uploaded_files/raceinbritain/ehrc_stop_and_search_report.pdf https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism_Act_2000 https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1984/60/section/1 https://www.rjerrard.co.uk/law/cases/osman.htm https://www.adviceguide.org.uk/england/law_e/law_legal_system_e/law_police_e/police_powers.htm#h_stop_and_search 1 [1] . Mustapha Osman v Southwark Judgment of the Court CO/2318/98; (1999) The Times, 1 July, Queens Bench [2]: Police powers: stop and search https://www.adviceguide.org.uk/england/law_e/law_legal_system_e/law_police_e/police_powers.htm#h_stop_and_search accessed 13 January 2014. [3] Section 3 [4] Ben Ferguson and Guy Grandjean à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Stop and Search; on the streets with the Policeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. The Guardian, 20 Oct. 2013. www.theguardian.com/law/2013/oct20/stop-and-search-streets-police accessed 25 December 2013. [5] Police powers to stop and search: your rights https://www.gov.uk/police-powers-to-stop-and-search-your-rights accessed on 11 January 2014. [6] Parpworth, Neil.Constitutional and Administrative Law. Oxford: Oxford UP, p. 454 2012 [7] Section 1 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984. [8] Parpworth, Neil.Constitutional and Administrative Law. Oxford: Oxford UP, p. 454 2012 [9] Stop and think A critical review of the use of sto p and search powers in England and Wales, March 2010 [10] Hammond Mark https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/news/2013/november/new-research-shows-slow-improvement-in-police-use-of-stop-and-search/ 11 November 2013. [11] Taylor Chris, Constitutuional and Administrative Law, 3rd ed, 2013. [12] Gillan and Quinton v UK, 2010, para 18 [13] Statement from Keir Starmer, The Guardian, 24 May 2011 [14] Equality Act 2007 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Section 27 [15] David Mery à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Halting section 44 stop and search powers https://www.blackmentalhealth.org.uk/index.php/expert-opinion-mainmenu-127/812-halting-section-44-stop-and-search-powers [16] https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-23228019 bbc 9 July 2013 [17] Theresa May MP, Review of counter-terrorism and security Powers, Cm 8004, 18-19, 2011. [18] Parpworth, Neil.Constitutional and Administrative Law. Oxford: Oxford UP, p. 39 2012 [19] Stop and Search The Way Forward Conference Report Lewisham Community Police Co nsultative Group https://www.lewisham.gov.uk/SiteCollectionDocuments/StopAndSearchPart2.pdf [20] Stop and Search The Way Forward Conference Report Lewisham Community Police Consultative Group https://www.lewisham.gov.uk/SiteCollectionDocuments/StopAndSearchPart2.pdf [21] Parpworth, Neil.Constitutional and Administrative Law. Oxford: Oxford UP, p. 39 2012 [22] Sanders Andrew, Young Richard and Burton Mandy, Criminal Justice, 4th ed. Oxford UP, 1994.

Theory of Perception and Its Implications for Marketers

Executive Summary In the past, Australians have perceived potatoes as boring, time-consuming to cook, and high in carbohydrates. This negative perception resulted in a decreasing consumption and an inferior image of potatoes. Among other national and regional boards, Western Potatoes is now trying to change customers’ negative perception. This report examined Western Potatoes marketing campaign for the years 2008 and 2009. It was the aim of the report to evaluate, whether the undertaken actions of Western Potatoes were appropriate with respect to the existing theories and concepts of perception. In addition the report proposed possible recommendations for ameliorations. The first section reviewed the contemporary literature in order to†¦show more content†¦The last part of chapter three will then discuss these actions in the context of perception theory. The report will finalize with possible recommendations and a conclusion. 2. Theory of Perception 2.1 Definition of Perception Perception is the process of acquiring, interpreting, selecting and organizing sensory information (Spector 2006). The environment is constantly projecting stimuli and adds continuously new perceptions to our existing picture of the world. The input factors for perception are all stimuli that can be observed by any of the human’s senses (Schiffman et. al. 2008). This represents an almost infinite number of discrete sensations that people are exposed to every day. Examples are TV commercials, the smell of your friend’s perfume or the taste of food. Together with an individual’s past experiences, one or several stimuli will form a unique personal picture of the world. This is one reason why the same stimulus does not result in the same outcome for every person. 2.2 The Stages of Perception The following section will describe the three different stages of perception: Selection, organization and interpretation of stimuli. Perception: As mentioned in the previous section, the number of stimuli that people are exposed to is almost infinite. For this reason not all stimuli can be processed and therefore a selection of stimuli is necessary. Organization: This is theShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of F. Herzberg Engine1687 Words   |  7 Pages- The theory of F. Herzberg engine Frederick Herzberg has developed theory of two-factor to distinguish the factors causing dissatisfaction (hygiene factors) and the factors that create satisfaction (motivators). This theory has two implications. First, the seller must restrain factors causing dissatisfaction, such as poor quality user manuals or services. These de-motivators do not help sell services/ products but they can make the products/services cannot be sell. Secondly,hospitality organizationsRead MoreEthics in International Environments Essays1348 Words   |  6 Pagesmarketing poses many dilemmas and this is because value judgments differ among different cultures. 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Broken Home Free Essays

The effects of broken homes on children are traumatic. Broken homes can cause children to question their self-worth, to experience unnecessary grief, guilt and/or confusion. Young children especially, have difficulty understanding the rationalities of their parents’ decisions to divorce. We will write a custom essay sample on Broken Home? or any similar topic only for you Order Now All they know is that their parents used to live together and now they don’t, used to â€Å"love† each other and now they don’t. Children often take responsibility for parents’ decisions to divorce. They conclude that they were the cause of the quarrels and ensuing divorce. They question whether or not their parents love them or are mad at them. It is so important for children to have a stable home life. In a broken home it is difficult for children to find a sense of security because experience shows them that what seemed stable and good fell to pieces and left them feeling empty, yet full of questions. Growing up in a broken home may also cause children to have difficulty in future relationships and cause them to struggle with the issue of trust. People who grew up in broken homes and get married are also more likely to end up divorced because their parents didn’t provide a healthy model of marriage. They saw parents end disputes with divorce rather than working through them together. They may run from commitment or avoid relationships all together. They may also develop a emotion of fear toward marriage because they do not want to relive the grief they experienced as a child, nor do they want to have children and risk putting them through the same hurtful circumstances. broken home | | a house containing a family that is set apart due to tensions and certain problems. ex: a kid’s parents constantly fight and he/she feels lonely, depressed, angry. that is a product of a broken home, who may usually get away from the problems by doing bad things (drugs,drink,etc†¦ ). | How to cite Broken Home?, Papers

The Legislative Branch Essay free essay sample

The Legislative Branch is one out of the three branches of the government. All of the Legislative Branches rights and powers are defined in the U. S Constitution. However the Legislative Branch is the most powerful branch. The Legislative Branch is the most powerful branch because they make laws, declare war, and override presidential veto, and many more. One of the Legislative branches power is to declare war. The founders of US Constitution didn’t want to give the president too much power so they gave it to Congress for a group to decide. It’s shown in Article I, Section 8 of the United States Constitution says â€Å"The Congress shall have the power †¦ To declare war†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 1 Congress also declared war on Great Britain in 1812 because the U. S. Congress made an attempt to reclaim its power â€Å"to declare† war with the War Powers Resolution Act of 1973. 2 Congress declared war on Spain in 1898 because of imperialism, this caused the U. We will write a custom essay sample on The Legislative Branch Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page S. S battleship to explode and sink in the Havana River. 3 World War 2 took place in 1939 in Europe. World War 2 was caused by the German invasion. On September 3, 1939 Congress declared war on Germany.4 Having the power to declare war is one of the reasons why the Legislative Branch is powerful. One more power of the Legislative branch is the power to make laws. According to the Constitution, â€Å"All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. †5. Finally the Civil Rights Act in 1964 is the nation’s standard civil rights legislation, and it remains to resonate in America. The Civil rights Act of 1964 forbids discrimination by ones race, color, religion sec or national origin.6 The Voting Rights Acts in 1965 is another example of when Congress made a law. The Voting Rights Act bans national discrimination in voting by the government. 7 For instance, Congress created the bill known as the No Budget, No Pay Act of 2013. It directs both chambers of Congress to approve a budget resolution for economic year 2014. 8 Having the power to make laws helps congress become more powerful. Another one of the Legislative Branches power is to override a presidential veto. Overriding a presidential veto is when both chambers of Congress votes on a bill to be vetoed by the President. To pass a bill if the Presidents reject it requires a two-thirds vote in each chamber. Another example of when Congress overridden the President was the first time it in history. This was in 1845, Congress leashes in President John Tylers eager use of the presidential veto, overriding it with the necessary two-thirds vote. 9 On October 2, the Senate overrides the President Regan with the necessary two-third vote because Regan’s Administration into using force on Pretoria Government to change its policies of racial separation. 10 For example, Congress overridden Bush’s Medicare Veto of legislation protecting doctors from a 10.6 percent cut in reimbursement rates when treating patients. 11 Having the power of overriding a Presidential veto is another reason why the Legislative Branch. All of the evidence above proves that the Legislative Branch is the most powerful. To declare war, make laws, and override a presidential veto are just a few of the many powers the Legislati ve Branch has. However, in order to be able to have those powers you have to be a part of the Legislative Branch. If you’re a part of the Legislative Branch then you can consider yourself the one with the most power.

The Legue The UN the Future essays

The Legue The UN the Future essays During the First World War several world leaders such as President of the United States(U.S.) Woodrow Wilson and South African Prime Minster Jan Smuts, advocated the need for an international organization that preserved peace and settled disputes by arbitration. When peace negotiations began in October 1918,United States president Woodrow Wilson insisted that his Fourteen Points serve as a basis for the signing of the Armistice . The Armistice included the formation of the League of Nations (here after refereed to as the League). And as the years went by the League grew to be a formidable organization. It's goals and objectives were precise, they were to attain and maintain world peace. By 1935 the League had declined severely. And In 1945 the League ended and the United Nations (referred to as the UN) took its place. There were a lot of similarities between the two organizations, however the differences were apparent as well. Scholars have tried to ascertain why the League failed to achieve its goals. What were declining factors? Moreover, is the UN a direct result of those factors with a few modifications to satisfy the demands of the world today. The object of this paper to analyze Whether the UN is a direct extension of the League and if so why or why not and under what circumstance? By 1919 the idea of international co-operation was not new. There had been a few earlier attempts, for example: The International Red Cross in Geneva 1964; International Telegraph Union in 1865; The International; Meteorological Organization in 1878 and the International Court, The Hague in 1899. However, these were all unsuccessful attempts. So, by April 1919 the constitution of the League was adopted in the Paris Peace Conference . The Aims of the organization were to a) to keep peace and b) to improve living conditions of men and women worldwide. The Leagues Council consisted of the great powers (Britain, France, Italy and Japa...

Quote The Raven The Golden Office Rules

Quote The Raven The Golden Office Rules Here it is– another episode  of  #QuoteTheRaven,  TheJobNetwork.com’s  expert job-seeking job-keeping web series!  In this episode, host and job-keeping extraordinaire Raven Chiara welcomes special guest, Gary Bandit. Brace yourself for tried true  advice that’s  going to keep you at your job out of HR.  Watch the video check out the tips below! Tips in this episode include:How to talk about your weekend: Went to Burning Man last week? Maybe don’t highlight the spiritual-drug-filled-mind-beinding-life-altering-rave-naked-bug-filled extravaganza to your Don Draper-esque CEO. Instead, focus on the nature and fresh air†¦and put it in a British accent. Or how about a game of squash? That already sounds responsible†¦here comes that promotion, Junior!Compliments and jokes with your coworkers: Bad jokes suck. What’s worse? Offensive bad jokes. Avoid making a crack about someone’s race, religion, creed, and orientation. Besides, Creed fans are bizarrely defensive.Discussing a woman’s looks: Stay away here, especially all the guys out there. Nobody wants to mistake something you say for SEXUAL HARASSMENT. Raven and Gary suggest the only safe thing to say, if you really want to, is â€Å"nice nails†.Speaking of nails, stop clipping your nails at your desk†¦or at work. #grossFood habits in the office: Your food is good. I am sure you think so. The rest of us think it smells foul. Just stop. You know it stinks. You are self-conscious about it. Don’t blow up the microwave with last night’s fish and chips leftovers. Please. Stop. Now.Use the hashtag #quotetheraven and tag @thejobnetwork, @ravenchiara, or @whybegee to let us know what you think of the show, your nightmare stories from the office, and any questions you have about job seeking and job keeping.- - Missed the previous episodes? See The ABCs of Job Searching here.

Benchmark progress towards sustainability Essay - 2

Benchmark progress towards sustainability - Essay Example e the estimate and compare the eco friendly initiatives of the two companies on the basis of four dimensions, namely pollution prevention, clean technology, base of pyramid (indicating crystallizing growth of the two companies) and product stewardship. The paper will conclude that PepsiCo is the leader in terms of sustainability activities, when compared with that of Coca Cola. Finally some specific recommendations will also be provided, on the basis of which any company can improve its sustainable activities. In the recent times, the concept of â€Å"Triple Business Line† has become very important. According to this policy, the company can aim to improve its business by abstaining from harming the people, planet and profitability (Butje, 2005). Modern day business enterprises are increasingly investing in sustainable practices as they have realized that in order to achieve competitive advantage these practices are indispensible. The organizations are also getting highly engaged in corporate social responsibilities for creating a better impact on the community (Hawkins, 2006).). This paper discusses about Hart’s sustainability framework, which stresses on the importance of sustainability in global business. The first part of the essay briefly discusses about the model that has been proposed by Stuart Hart and Marks Milstein. This model has been extremely advantageous in understanding the particular benefits that can be enjoyed by a company by following the sustainable strate gy. Then this framework is used to understand the sustainability measures that have been adopted by two of the largest beverages companies, PepsiCo and Coca Cola Company. The idea is to determine the market leader between these two companies. Stuart Hart along with Marks Milstein devised the model of sustainability value framework, which linked societal challenges to sustainability in a global economy with value of the shareholder. Hart had adapted a framework of natural resources that can be

IPod Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

IPod Marketing - Essay Example Points of difference (PODs) are attributes or benefits consumers strongly associate with a brand, positively evaluate, and believe that they could not find to the same extent with a competitive brand (Kotler p. 312-13). Points of difference for iPod were that the product was appearing as cool ,the consumer could listen music whenever and wherever s/he wanted and with the addition of the new features (video, photo and phone) it changed the way people interact with these media. Points of parity (POPs), on the other hand, are associations that are not necessarily unique to the brand but may in fact be shared with other brands. These types of associations come in two basic forms: category and competitive (Kotler p.313). When iPod was launched we would say that it followed a category point of parity and a competitive point of parity. Category points-of-parity are associations consumers view as essential to be a legitimate and credible offering within a certain product or service category (Kotler p. 313). The connections between different genres of music and that the consumer could listen to the DJ sets without commercial interruption created the category points-of parity. In the beginning the iPod was thought to be just a portable device for listening shuffled music. Today with its enhanced features, it replaced radio broadcasts without commercial interruption and it added new features of video, photo and phone which changed the way people interact. So this has definitely influenced iPod attractiveness since it makes it unique and it is also addressed to people that want to have the above features in a single device. Sony and iRiver have reacted by making larger storage devices, in particular iRiver is not tied to a software such as iTunes, it provides good sound and is durable beyond anything Apple can manage. However, although there are these technical differences, Apple reacted by having a decent device, strong advertising and focusing on this competitive advantage which is style. Question 2 A) Why did Apple change their distribution strategy from just selling iPod at their Apple stores to also including independent distributors And what kind of economic effects has such an expansion in general and what kind of economic effects had such an expansion for Apple's iPod Apple in the beginning was selling directly to the consumers through its retail shops but then it added some "mass electronic" retailers. This change was due to

Using a 3D Printer in Engineering

Using a 3D Printer in Engineering CE 2.2 Background Digitality is increasing each day. Very less people use 3D printers due to its high cost. And moreover, they are not portable as its calibration of stepper motors could be damaged. And small scale industries cannot afford them. So, my project is about making 3D printers that are size oriented, portable and cost effective. It will a project that would be hassle less and easy to understand and operate. It could be extremely useful to small scale industries, dental manufacture, scientific labs, toy companies and many more. CE 2.3 The reason behind choosing this project was to give a boost to small scale industries and make it easy to use. 3D printing is the technology of creating three-dimensional real time objects that has a nozzle which oozes out melted plastic element and is attached to a stepper motor which works as an axis that has two stepper motors working as two axis. The idea and objective was to build a 3D printer under 500-1000$ with compact size for easy handling. Its aims to print a real-time three-dimensional object with the help of CAD file (computer aided design file). It focuses on building a small sized, easy to use and accessible 3D printer. It is also a kind that has low maintenance. It is a kind of printer that was made with the help of regularly used electronics devices which would ultimately reflect on its cost price in the market. Also, other major thing is its size as it is compact compared to other available printers. CE 2.4 I had planned all the work that was required to do on this project that includes all the pre-study work before the commencement of the project and post-work that is required after finishing the project. I listed out things to do first and then assigned its priority. I started with doing research on selecting the topic for my project and after its approval from the faculty, and then I went on doing literature surveys with the help of IEEE papers, research papers etc. in the later stage I began learning basics of CNC machine and designing of its hardware structure. Which was then implemented along with its software part and was made a portable one. At last stage, it involved final changes on the project and making a report on it. CE 2.5 Personal Engineering Activity I started with literature survey and then made up a block diagram for my project as shown under. It explains the complete flow of my project. I divided the entire process of 3D printing into two parts. CE 2.6 This project makes use of many components and each component was selected considering its cost and its potential value in the market as well as its ability to withstand the project. The important parts are: For CNC Machine: 1. Stepper motor it is a kind of electric motor that is widely used in the industries of robotics. With each step of the motor, it makes it handy for repeatable positioning. 2. Stepper motor driver A4988 they are kind of drivers with microcontroller and that can be used to attain high rotation speeds in stepper motors. 3. CNC shield 4. Arduino Uno Microcontroller it is used for digital devices and interactive objects which can control and sense the objects in physical world. It makes use of open-source hardware and software. 5. SMPS power supply this is used to drive and supply power to the whole circuit 6. MDF/Acrylic for the body structure -it is used for outer covering or the hardware structure of the body. For 3D Printing Setup 1. 0.75mm Nozzle it is cylindrical kind of a pipe or tube which controls the liquid. 2. Ceramic heater 3. DC fan as a cooling device 4. PLA element CE 2.7 For the 3D printer, a structure had to be made from either MDF, acrylic or fiber that would form the outer body. It also requires 4 stepper motor and its driver ICs along with providing a power supply. The stepper motor moves as per the GCODE which controls it. A software is used to generate the GCODE that is indirectly connected and formed from CAD file. CE 2.8 The working of my software part can be described as below: 1. Computer part: Here, using different software like AUTOCAD, RHINO, CAD360, a CAD file is generated. The interpreter receives the CAD file formed and then converts it into GCODE file. For interpreting software like MERLIN, CURA, POLULU was been used. Then via serial port the GCODE file is sent to the other part i.e. the printing part. 2. 3D printer part: Stepper drivers and HotEnd drivers receive the GCODE file from the GCODE interpreter. The HotEnd has a nozzle, DC fan and a ceramic heater and the stepper motor makes the moves as per the GCODE. Into the nozzle, a PLA plastic element is entered and with the help of ceramic heater it melts that plastic element into very small sized threads and is constantly cooled with the help of DC fan. As the HotEnd and stepper motor moves, the PLA comes out through it giving a 3D printed object. The object is made layer by layer and the stepper motor sets itself to initial stage after the completion of the object CE 2.9 During this project, I faced many challenges as my project is a very complex topic. It started with doing research on the topic. It was a new technology in the market and I had to collect as much information available. Deciding of hardware components was also a major task I had a pre-defined project cost that I had to maintain so that the final costing of the product doesnt increase beyond the limit. I took help from the experts from the field of electronics and tried to follow their footsteps whenever problem occurred. The part of software was quite easy than I thought as I had already planned the flow of the work so I just had to follow that pattern to accomplish my microcontroller programming. CE 2.10 Summary In 3D printing, whole process takes place in tiny little slices, it divides the whole project into tiny pieces which are made in the reverse order while printing. They stick together to form a solid object slice by slice. All the parts made from 3D printing can be complex like hinges, wheels etc. as a part of the printed object. It is a kind of technology which is very useful in current world. It makes the object feel like a real one. My project required great knowledge while implementing. It was a great platform for me to learn new technology and to help small scale industry with my project. My creativity skills were expanded and with the help of my project guide I could overcome all the challenges that came on the way. I kept my guide and supervisors updated with my position of the project. And meeting were kept fortnightly to show my status on my project and to discuss further possibility of the project expansion.

Duckweed

Feed Industry Overview: Duckweed feed has been found to be a very nutritious feed source for many types of livestock. The fact that duckweed can be fed to animals in its wet form or dried for a more concentrated food source make an efficient, cost effective, harvester a possible attractive product for this market. Traditional Harvesters are economically unfeasible and manual harvesting is very labor intensive for medium to large scale operations. Feed prices can vary drastically due to crop yields, gas prices, and product demand. After the initial investment of the Proskimmer the costs for producing this feed additive would be minimal. There is opportunity for duckweed to be used more as a feed source in coming years to alleviate increasing demand on corn and soy yields. Analysis According to North Carolina Reasearchers: â€Å"Duckweed holds great promise as an alternative feed supplement. One of the smallest plants known to man could help us produce cleaner water while at the same time providing a high quality feed for domestic stock animals (poultry, swine, and cattle). The nutrient uptake ability possessed by duckweed along with its fast reproductive rate and environmental requirements make it easy to manage. The problem with duckweed is in the harvesting of the small plants and removing the excess water. Assuming that can be done efficiently, we will be well on our way to making new strides in the supplemental feeding of duckweed. † These statements are made by some of the leading duckweed researchers in the feed/fuel/watstewater. A duckweed harvester is a natural fit to solve the harvesting needs of the market. Recent studies have confirmed duckweed’s potential as a valuable high-protein, vitamin-rich feed supplement. A two acre pond surface with duckweed yields as much as 30 tons of dry matter or approximately 12 tons of protein per year. This protein is of very high quality for feeding to animals (or human beings). Experiments show that the quality of this protein for ducks and hens is similar to that in soybean meal. As protein is currently priced at approx $500 per ton as a stock-feed ingredient, the protein yield of a hectare of duckweed is worth in the order of $6,000 per year. Although inexpensive to produce, duckweed contains a range of vitamins, pigments and minerals. These include those normally added to dietary formulations for livestock such as poultry and pigs in the form of commercial mineral-vitamin premixes. Duckweed has particular value as a poultry feed. It typically contains high concentrations of calcium (which is required in the diet of laying hens) equal to 10-25 g/kg dry matter. Duckweed contains relatively large amounts of xanthophylls and carotene, which result in a rich yellow/orange color to the egg yolks. In comparison, the synthetic yolk pigments usually included in mineral-vitamin premixes for layers are a costly component of commercial poultry diets. Dried excess duckweed can be pelletised and sold as animal feed. At approx $6000 dollars the Proskimmer would be economically viable in this arena. Feeding trials reported in the literature and carried out recently in Peru have demonstrated that duckweed can be substituted for soy and fish meals in prepared rations for several types of poultry: broilers, layers, and chicks. Cultured duckweed can be used as the protein component in poultry diets. Acceptable levels of duckweed meal in the diets of layers range up to 40 percent of total feed. Duckweed-fed layers produce more eggs of the same or higher quality as control birds fed the recommended formulated diets. Levels of up to 15 percent duckweed meal produce growth rates in broilers which are equal to those produced by control feeds. Diets for chicks, consisting of up to 15 percent duckweed meal, are suitable for birds under three weeks of age. Duckweed meal will almost certainly find as large a range of animal feed applications as soybean meal. Duckweed meal may also have great potential to blend with non- conventional diets based on inexpensive carbohydrate sources that can be used by poultry and hogs. Today pork production offers perhaps an unprecedented opportunity. Due to economic expansion and population growth in Asia, demand for pork is increasing like never before. In fact, experts predict that in the next 35 to 40 years, we’ll have to quadruple, or more, the approximately 875 million hogs now on Earth. That’s why new and expanded hog production facilities are being built in Australia, Canada, Mexico, South America, and, when opposition is overcome, in the U. S. And as they’re built, new jobs and economic growth are being created. A major limitation to fish farming is that meals high in protein with high biological value are expensive and often locally unavailable. Supplementary feeds can take up to 60% of fish production costs. Duckweeds have a high protein content (around 40%) of high biological value. Fresh duckweed is highly suited to intensive fish farming systems and duckweed is converted efficiently to liveweight by certain fish including carp and tilapia. Drying duckweed presents the largest current challenge to the plant being traded as a commodity. No conventional drying technology has been able to produce dried material without incurring signifigant loss. Several solar methods are showing promise however we feel they would be for large scale operations and not relevant to our market. The leading researchers in North Carolina have paired with a company called Aeroglide who makes industrial drying technologies for the feed industry. We feel Proskim should focus on the wet applications for land livestock and fish farming opporunities. http://www. lib. ncsu. edu/theses/available/etd-05242004-103543/unrestricted/etd. df Institute of Animal Nutrition, University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Str. 10, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany 24 February 2010; http://www. aeroglide. com/aquafeed-dryers-coolers. php SWOT Analysis Feed: Strengths: Low cost in relation to other mechanical harvesters/low labor intensity when compared to manual techniques. Currently manufactured product with little to no customization for many harvesting needs. Duckweed has be en proven to be a breakthrough feed alternative to corn and soy based feeds. Weaknesses: Little to no current marketing strategy in the Bio arena. Lack of marketing material directed to Bio arena. Less developed nations will use manual techniques. Company physical location is not in areas which promote rapid duckweed growth. Opportunities: Feed supplement for fish, swine, poultry needing effective harvesting techniques. Market directly to these farmers. Academic researchers using grants to study duckweed in the Bio arena. Government grants and foundations in the Bio arena. Threats: Other harvester inventions and trial inventions to harvest duckweed. Less demand for corn ethanol due to regulations or opportunity costs could lower prices and in turn corn feed prices.

Días feriados federales y estatales en EE.UU. en 2019

En Estados Unidos hay 10 dà ­as feriados federales, es decir, aplican en todo el paà ­s y tambià ©n en los territorios como, por ejemplo, Puerto Rico. En los feriados federales por ley tienen dà ­a libre y se les paga a todos los trabajadores no esenciales del gobierno federal. Tambià ©n cierran bancos y escuelas. Sin embargo, las empresas privadas no està ¡n obligadas a brindar el dà ­a libre a sus empleados pero lo habitual es que sà ­ lo hagan y, ademà ¡s, les paguen el salario del dà ­a feriado como si lo hubieran trabajado, si bien hay importantes excepciones como, por ejemplo, el caso de comercios o restaurantes. Dà ­as feriados federales en Estados Unidos en 2019 1 de enero, lunes, Aà ±o Nuevo21 de enero, lunes, Dà ­a de Martin Luther King18 de febrero, lunes, Dà ­a del Presidente27 de mayo, lunes, Dà ­a de la Recordacià ³n4 de julio, jueves, Dà ­a de la Independencia2 de septiembre, lunes, Dà ­a del Trabajo14 de octubre, lunes, Dà ­a de Cristà ³bal Colà ³n11 de noviembre, lunes, Dà ­a de los Veteranos28 de noviembre, jueves, Accià ³n de Gracias.25 de diciembre, mià ©rcoles, Dà ­a de Navidad El feriado del Dà ­a del Presidente no se celebra en todos los estados y el Dà ­a de los Veteranos no es feriado pà ºblico en Wisconsin. Los dà ­as feriados en EE.UU. como regla general son un lunes, si bien hay excepciones a esta regla. Asà ­, el Dà ­a de Navidad, Aà ±o Nuevo, Independencia o el de Accià ³n de Gracias se celebran el dà ­a de la semana que coincida con el dà ­a del mes de su celebracià ³n. Sin embargo, en esos dà ­as, si el feriado es un dà ­a sà ¡bado, el dà ­a libre se adelanta a viernes. Por el contrario, si es un dà ­a domingo, el dà ­a libre se retrasa al lunes siguiente. Dà ­as feriados en los estados en 2019 Los estados pueden establecer dà ­as de observancia pà ºblica de acuerdo a su historia o a sus intereses. Las oficinas estatales cierran y los trabajadores cobran por ese dà ­a, sin embargo, las empresas privadas no està ¡n obligadas a seguir esa norma y deciden segà ºn sus propias reglas. Entre los dà ­as feriados los mà ¡s comunes en los estados destacan: El viernes siguiente a Accià ³n de Gracias que, con carà ¡cter general, es feriado en los siguientes estados: Arkansas, California, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Idaho, Kentucky, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, Nevada, Nuevo Hampshire, Nuevo Mà ©xico, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Carolina del Sur, Texas, Washington y Virginia Occidental. El 31 de marzo, Dà ­a de de Cà ©sar Chà ¡vez.  Esta conmemoracià ³n es uno de los festivos opcionales y se celebra en Arizona, California, Colorado, Illinois, Michigan, Nuevo Mà ©xico, Texas, Rhode Island, Utah y Wisconsin. El 24 de diciembre, Nochebuena, que es feriado en Carolina del Sur, Dakota del Norte, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan, Oklahoma, Texas, Virginia y Wisconsin. El 26 de diciembre, dà ­a siguiente al de Navidad, es feriado en Carolina del Norte, Carolina del Sur, Texas y Virginia. Cabe destacar que Texas es uno de los estados con mà ¡s dà ­as feriados. Ademà ¡s de los federales y de celebrar el Dà ­a de Cà ©sar Chà ¡vez, Nochebuena, Dà ­a despuà ©s de Accià ³n de Gracias y de Navidad, son feriados pà ºblicos las siguientes fechas: 19 de enero: Dà ­a de los hà ©roes confederados.2 de marzo: Dà ­a de la Independencia de Texas21 de abril: San Jacinto19 de junio: Dà ­a de la Emancipacià ³n27 de agosto: Dà ­a de Lyndon B. Johnson Dà ­as no feriados pero celebrados en EE.UU. Estos dà ­as reciben gran atencià ³n en los medios de comunicacià ³n y, en muchos casos, las tiendas y las escuelas està ¡n muy involucradas en las celebraciones. Sin embargo, ni las empresas privadas y las oficinas federales y estatales no està ¡n obligadas ni a dar el dà ­a libre a los trabajadores ni a compensarlos econà ³micamente si no trabajan. 2 de febrero, sà ¡bado, Dà ­a de la Marmota14 de febrero, jueves, Dà ­a de San Valentà ­n17 de marzo, domingo, San Patricio19 de abril,Viernes Santo21 de abril, domingo, PascuaCinco de mayo, domingo.12 de mayo, domingo, Dà ­a de la madre.16 de mayo, domingo, Dà ­a del padre.31 de octubre, Halloween Dà ­as feriados y compras En Estados Unidos es habitual que los dà ­as feriados coincidan con grandes rebajas. Sin embargo, no debe confundirse con los los dà ­as conocidos como feriados de impuestos y que se celebran en algunos estados y que implica que en determinados dà ­as no se cobran impuestos a las ventas en determinados artà ­culos. Puntos claves: Dà ­as feriados en EE.UU. Nà ºmero de dà ­as feriados federales en EE.UU.: 10. Los estados pueden decidir no observar algà ºn dà ­a en especà ­fico.Dà ­as feriados que no son siempre un dà ­a lunes, sino que se observan en su fecha: Aà ±o Nuevo, Independencia, Veteranos, Navidad. Ademà ¡s, el Dà ­a de Accià ³n de Gracias es siempre el cuarto jueves del mes de noviembre.Dà ­as feriados mà ¡s comunes en los estados: Cà ©sar Chà ¡vez (31 de marzo), viernes despuà ©s de Accià ³n de Gracias, Nochebuena y dà ­a despuà ©s de Navidad. Este artà ­culo es informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Artificial Neural Networks ( Anns ) - 1749 Words

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are computational algorithms loosely based on the human biological nervous system which work to model statistical data. An ANN â€Å"consists of processing elements known as neurons that are interconnected to each other and work in unison to answer a particular problem [, and] can be used in places where detecting trends and extracting patterns are too complex to be detected by either humans or other computer techniques.† Although recent in their explosion in popularity, the underlying logic behind ANNs have existed for â€Å"nearly a half-century†, however due to the pervasive and ubiquitous adoption of powerful computational tools in our contemporary society, ANNs have had a sort of renaissance, much to the avail of scientists, engineers, and consumers. 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